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TWF-2 - Test of Word Finding
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TWF-2 - Test of Word Finding

Price: $522.00

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By Diane J. German
  • Ages: 4-0 through 12-11
  • Administration Time: 20 to 30 minutes
  • Provides Raw Scores, Chronolog. Ages, Word Finding Quotient, and Percentile Rank.
  • Complete TWF-2 kit includes: Manual, Picture Books 1 and 2, 10 Preprimary Profile/Examiner Record Forms, 10 Primary Profile/Examiner Record Forms, and 10 Intermediate Profile/Examiner Record Forms, all in a sturdy storage box. (2000)
The Test of Word Finding-Second Edition (TWF-2) is a new edition of the Test of Word Finding (TWF), the standard in word finding assessment. Like the TWF, the TWF-2 is a nationally standardized, individually administered diagnostic tool for the assessment of children's word finding skills. The TWF-2 was developed to be administered to children 4 years through 12 years 11 months. Three forms are provided: a pre-primary form for preschool and kindergarten children; a primary form for the first and second grades; and an intermediate form for the third through sixth grades. These new norms extend the use of the TWF-2 to include preschool-age children. TWF-2 Sections

The TWF-2 uses four different naming sections to test a student's word finding ability:

  • Picture Naming Nouns- an assessment of a student's accuracy and speed when naming compound and one- to four-syllable target words
  • Sentence Completion Naming- an assessment of a student's accuracy when naming target words to complete a sentence read by the examiner
  • Picture Naming Verbs- an assessment of a student's accuracy when naming pictures depicting verbs in the progressive and past tense forms
  • Picture Naming Categories- an assessment of a student's accuracy and speed when naming objects and the distinct categories to which they belong

To be sure that the student's word finding evaluation is based on words the student knows, the examiner uses the Comprehension Assessment to test the student's comprehension of the items missed during the naming accuracy testing.

In addition, five supplemental analyses are provided as follow-up procedures to the TWF-2 word finding measures. The examiner gains critical information from these analyses that will both enhance the interpretation of a student's test performance and help to formulate a word finding intervention plan. Three of the informal analyses probe the nature of students' word finding errors (i.e. the Phonemic Cueing Procedure, the Imitation Procedure, and the Substitution Analysis). The other two informal analyses contribute to interpreting the students Word Finding Quotient (i.e. the Delayed Response Procedure and the Secondary Characteristics Tally).

The TWF-2 was normed on 1,836 students residing in 26 states from 1996 to 1999. Characteristics of the sample matched the national population in 1997. Test reliability was demonstrated using testretest, coefficient alpha, interscorer reliability and item response theory (IRT) goodness-of-fit statistics. In all cases except one (.76), traditional reliability coefficients for typical performing students and students with word finding difficulties exceeded .84. Validity was studied extensively. Content validity was represented in test development: TWF-2 content reflected child language literature and research; and IRT and classical methodologies along with differential item function analyses were conducted on select items. Concurrent and predictive validity of the TWF-2 was demonstrated by correlating the TWF-2 with commonly used vocabulary tests. Correlations between TWF-2 and other tests of vocabulary showed a considerable relationship. Construct validity was established by demonstrating that the TWF-2 differentiated between groups of children with and without word finding difficulties.

New Features for the TWF-2

  1. New Norms. All new norms were collected in 1996 through 99 keyed to the current census data. Norms are completely representative of the U.S. population and stratified by age.
  2. Expanded Age Range. Designed for use with children from the ages of 4-0 to 12-11, the TWF-2 adds 2 years downward extension to the original TWF.
  3. Unbiased Test. TWF-2 is proven to be unbiased relative to gender and race.
  4. Revised Naming Sections. Revised naming sections and items to include more multisyllabic words, compound words, and progressive and past tense verb forms.
  5. Word Finding Quotient. A Word Finding Quotient is provided to represent both a student's accuracy and speed in naming.
  6. Theoretical Characteristics. The theoretical model underlying the TWF-2 was expanded to accommodate current thinking on word retrieval.
  7. New Supplementary Analyses. New supplementary analyses, including phonemic cueing, were added to reflect the theoretical model and to enhance the differential diagnosis of a student's word finding errors.
  8. Statistical Characteristics. Item Response Theory and classical item methodologies were used to choose statistically "reliable" items, and differential item function analyses was used to find and eliminate biased items.